EVP Message Digests
| Documentation |
| #include <openssl/evp.h> |
A Message Digest or Hash Function takes any arbitrary message (with any content or length) as an input and provides a fixed size hash value as a result. Specifically the function exhibits the following properties:
- It is simple to create a hash value for any given message
- It is computationally infeasible to calculate a message from any given hash (i.e. the function is one-way)
- It is infeasible to modify a message without also modifying the hash value
- It is infeasible to find two messages that result in the same hash
The OpenSSL library supports a wide number of different hash functions including the popular Category:SHA-2 set of hash functions (i.e. SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384 and SHA-512).
An Example use of a Hash Function[edit]
Using an OpenSSL message digest/hash function, consists of the following steps:
- Create a Message Digest context
- Initialise the context by identifying the algorithm to be used (built-in algorithms are defined in
evp.h) - Provide the message whose digest needs to be calculated. Messages can be divided into sections and provided over a number of calls to the library if necessary
- Caclulate the digest
- Clean up the context if no longer required
Message digest algorithms are identified using an EVP_MD object. These are built-in to the library and obtained through appropriate library calls (e.g. such as EVP_sha256() or EVP_sha512()).
void digest_message(const unsigned char *message, size_t message_len, unsigned char **digest, unsigned int *digest_len)
{
EVP_MD_CTX *mdctx;
if((mdctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new()) == NULL)
handleErrors();
if(1 != EVP_DigestInit_ex(mdctx, EVP_sha256(), NULL))
handleErrors();
if(1 != EVP_DigestUpdate(mdctx, message, message_len))
handleErrors();
if((*digest = (unsigned char *)OPENSSL_malloc(EVP_MD_size(EVP_sha256()))) == NULL)
handleErrors();
if(1 != EVP_DigestFinal_ex(mdctx, *digest, digest_len))
handleErrors();
EVP_MD_CTX_free(mdctx);
}
If you need to support both OpenSSL 1.0.x and OpenSSL 1.1.x, then use a define for EVP_MD_CTX_new and EVP_MD_CTX_free as shown below.
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L # define EVP_MD_CTX_new EVP_MD_CTX_create # define EVP_MD_CTX_free EVP_MD_CTX_destroy #endif
Refer to the OpenSSL manual page for further details Manual:EVP_DigestInit(3)
