Difference between revisions of "Base64"

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(openssl base64 specificities)
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Encode binary information 8 bits into ASCII.
 
Encode binary information 8 bits into ASCII.
  
This is PEM base encode, it exists other base64 encoding scheme like this uses by crypt.
+
This is PEM base encode, it exists other base64 encoding scheme like this used by crypt.
  
 
== Algorithm ==
 
== Algorithm ==

Revision as of 17:04, 22 November 2015

Encode binary information 8 bits into ASCII.

This is PEM base encode, it exists other base64 encoding scheme like this used by crypt.

Algorithm

3 x 8 bits binary are concatenated to form a 24bits word that is split in 4 x 6bits each being translating into an ascii value using a character ordered in following list :

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/ 
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0000000000111111111122222222223333333333444444444455555555556666
0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123

[what makes 26 * 2 + 10 + 2 = 64 values]

Since it encodes by group of 3 bytes, when last group of 3 bytes miss one byte then = is used, when it miss 2 bytes then == is used for padding.

Openssl command

base64 or -enc base64 can be used to decode lines see Command_Line_Utilities

EVP API

crypto/evp/encode.c crypto/evp/bio_b64.C


WARNINGS

other unsupported base64 scheme

Warning crypt() password encryption function uses another base64 scheme which is not the openssl base64 one. :

./0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0000000000111111111122222222223333333333444444444455555555556666
0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123

base64 uses PEM 80 characters per line

Base64 itself does not impose a line split, but openssl uses it in PEM context hence enforce that base64 content is splitted by lines with a maximum of 80 characters.